Tuesday, January 6, 2009

Yoga for Women

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Yoga comes from the Sanskrit word ‘yug’, which means to join or unite. Yoga is about uniting the mind and the body in the ultimate pursuit of spiritual realization and peace. Yoga provides health, happiness, peace, and poise. Listening to the inner voice and the feeling of the mind and body being at peace with each other is a central aspect of yoga.
Yoga is as important for women as for men. However, their bodies are created differently and over the period of a lifetime, a woman has to handle more physiological stress than men. It is therefore important that women practice certain asanas regularly for life-long benefit.
In this section we will look at the five most important asanas for women.

I. Surya Namaskaar
Only 35 to 40% of your muscles are used in daily activities; whereas, the rest of them remain inactive. Surya Namaskaar is a physical exercise where almost 95% to 97% of your muscles are switched on to the active mode. Doing the surya namaskar ensures that the muscles remain active, hours ahead during the day, till you recharge them the next morning.
The surya namaskar or the sun salutation consists of 12 postures. Done with both the sides of the body; it would equal to 24 postures in each cycle.
II. Sarvangasan:
Sarvangasana is an inverted pose and is considered as the ‘queen’ of asanas. Many practitioners consider it to be an especially important and beneficial pose. In Sanskrit language ‘sarvangasan’ means "posture of the complete body."
Benefits & Precautions:
Advanced practitioners hold this pose for long periods of time - as much as three hours. However, because of the threat of neck injury, this is not advisable.
The pose is not advisable for the women suffering from high blood pressure, menstruation, thyroid disorders, angina, and spinal weakness caused by conditions such as arthritis or osteoporosis. If you are pregnant, consult a qualified yoga instructor or your physician before attempting this pose. --------------------









III. Dwichakrikasan:
Dwichakrikasan is another important asana that should be practiced by women regularly. This is the best exercise to reduce weight. If this is done regularly for 5 to 10 minutes, unnecessary weight can be reduced in minimum time.
This asana also gives a good shape to the stomach. It activates the intestine and cures constipation dysentery, acidity etc. In case of backache, you should do the exercise by raising one leg.

IV. Chakrasan:
Chakrasan or the wheel pose strengthens the arms, shoulders, back and legs and deeply opens the chest and hips. It energizes the body and stimulates the nervous, endocrine, respiratory and circulatory systems.


V. Shavasan:
Shavasan helps to bring down high blood pressure (arterial hypertension) and gives immense relief to the mind (any individual who has been restricted from doing other asanas due to high blood pressure can perform this asana). It also helps ease tension and stress for those involved in physical activities. This asana should be performed after completing the daily round of yogic asanas. Shavasan done during fasting soothes the nervous system. Every one should attempt this asana, barring children below 12 years of age.
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Yoga as Therapy – 7 Principles of Yoga therapy

“Sam dosha dhatuh sam agni mallah kriyaPrassana atma indriya manah Svasthya ityabhidiyatet” - Sushruta Samhita
A balanced state of the main elements of our body (dosha and dhatu), adequate digestion (agni), proper excretion (malah kriya), blissful condition of atma, satisfied senses (indriya) and a happy state of mind (manas) when encompassed in a person then he can be called as Healthy (svasthya)
Considering this as the basis of life, the various traditional healing methods in India,Yoga experts India , are more holistic in their approach. The concept is to create a healthy body, an alert mind, an emotionally stable state and a spiritually enlightened life. When we view “Yoga” therapeutically, then we obviously would need to explore the various practices of Yoga under physical, mental, emotional and spiritual sub-headings.
The following have been pronounced as “Limbs of Yoga therapy”
1-Yama, Niyama, Mitaahara – Codes of Conduct and Diet regulations
2-Kriya – Cleansing practices
3-Asana – Physical Postures
4-Pranayama – Breathing techniques
5-Mudra/ bandha – Neuro-muscular locks
6-Relaxation
7-Dhyana – Meditation
Each of these 7 limbs are applied for every disorder, to treat “holistically”. Each of the practices in Yoga cannot be practiced in absolute isolation because for a complete effect, permutations or combinations of the practices are required. However, each one of them target a specific benefit and can be applied in varied ways. To understand the ideology behind it, I’ll take a sample case of someone with sleeping disorder, also called as Insomnia and then apply various aspects of Yoga therapy to this particular disorder.
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Yama niyama mitahara: All three are grouped together as 1 limb. These are highly significant in treating the root cause of the disorder, yamas and niyamas being the codes of conduct, which are given before initiating the Yoga sessions. As per the disorder or the overall analysis, a combination of yamas and niyamas are suggested. In a case of Insomnia, “Sauca” is specially suggested, because a lot of times, insomnia occurs as a result of unclean vicinity. Also a few sleep rituals are taught as part of Sauca for inducing sleep.

“Mitahara” means appropriate diet. As per the problem an overall analysis of the condition of the body is done and an appropriate diet is suggested. This is very important to follow as it directly impacts the effect of the yoga practices. Theoretically, in Yoga, it is believed that diet directly impacts the state of mind. Hence, an apt diet, in relevance to the problem, when suggested leads to a sattvic state of mind. The increase in sattva quotient, further makes the body light and the practices easier.
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Kriya – The second step in Yoga therapy, Kriyas are cleansing practices, meant for balancing the vata, pitta and kapha in the body (these are the three body constituents, that define the overall systems of the body. Each of them are responsible for various functions of the body and vitiation of any of these dosa {pron.do-sha-s} causes disorders. Kriyas help is balancing the state of the vitiated dosas. The 6 kriyas and their various varieties applied in Yoga therapy, as mentioned in Hatha Yoga and Gheranda Samhita are as follows
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a)Neti – for reducing excess kapha, especially above the shoulders.
i. Jal neti - used for sinusitis
ii. Sutra neti – used for cough/ cold
b)Dhauti – for correcting vitiated/ disturbed kapha and pitta.
i. Jal dhauti – reduces acidity very effectively
ii. Vastra dhauti – very helpful in removing excess phlegm (kapha)
iii. Danda dhauti
iv. Agnisara – provokes gastric fire
v. Jivha dhauti
c)Nauli – for pacifying vitiated pitta
i. Vam
ii. Madhyam
iii. Dakshi
d)Basti – for pacifying vitiated vata
i. Jala basti
ii. Sthala basti
e)Trataka – cures eye – disorders, develops concentration
f)Kapalabhati – for expelling excess phlegm in the skull and brings a shine to it.
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Asana – these are postures of various kinds, affecting the internal organs and the various systems of the body. Depending upon the issue, in consideration, the asanas are decided. Breathing plays a crucial role while performing asanas and each posture should be extremely comfortable for the body as these are postures that give stability and happiness in the body.
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Pranayama – the world literally implies “lengthening/a pause in the movement of the breath”. “Prana” means breath and “ayama” means to lengthen, extend (also pause). These are practices where periodically extension and retention of the breath is done.
There are 8 kinds of pranayamas described in Hatha Yoga, out of which 7 are mostly applied for the purpose of therapy. These are:-

a-Ujjayee – reduces kapha, cures throat infections
b-Nadi shodana/ Anuloma Viloma – regularizes flow of breath in the body
c-Shitkari – cools the system, relieves thirst
d-Sheetali – soothes the eyes, ears
e-Bhramari – brings happiness, relaxes mind
f-Bhastrika – drains out the excess kapha in sinuses
g-Surya bhedi – reduces vata, improves digestion
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Mudra/Bandha – these are neuro-muscular locks of 8 kinds and are practiced at various points on the body. Mudras can be understood as practices which are a combination of asana like postures and kumbhakas (restraining the breath) as done in pranayamas. They give lightness of the body, improve digestion and purify the breathing channels. These purify the mind and prepare the body for better meditation.
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The ones that are most commonly applied for therapy are:
Maha Mudra – for treating diabetes
Maha bandha – for treating digestive system disorders
Viparit karni – for treating thyroid dysfunction
Manduki mudra – for stimulating the thyroid/ para-thyroid glands
Uddiyana bandha – for stimulating digestion
Jaladhara bandha – for stimulating thyroid gland
Mula Bandha – for curing excretory system disorders
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Relaxation – In Yoga, shavasana and Yoga nidra are the two techniques of inducing relaxation. It is considered as a very crucial part of Yoga therapy as it completely pacifies the mind, quietens the body functions and helps in centering oneself preparing the mind, body and the breath for dhyana.
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Dhyana – This is the most significant aspect of Yoga therapy india as this is the only step where “Yoga” is attained. Meditation/ dhyana can be defined as a practice of reaching a state of absolute mental peace, relaxed body. It results in immense energy through out the body and brings clarity in mind.
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